The increasing political polarisation of society and the pervasive penetration of social media in all spheres of our life have created ideal conditions for the deliberate spread of disinformation to mislead, deceive citizens, generate financial profits and gain political advantage. The cryptographic and anonymously hosted websites or pseudonymous authors make it difficult to legally prosecute such untruthful sources for misinformation and defamation. As a result, fake news, fabricated documents, media hoaxes and political propaganda have overwhelmed social and traditional media. The number of reposts of fake news on Facebook has exceeded the number of reposts of the true ones, due to the fact that fake news is more in line with readers' expectations or seems more compelling to them. The deliberate spreading of malicious lies has contributed to a rapid decline in trust and tolerance of opponents, as well as the development of paranoia in the online community. Post-truth, in which objective facts are less relevant in shaping public opinion than appellation to emotions and personal unverified and unreliable biases, has overwhelmed global information flows, which in modern society are now deliberately composed by media falsifiers to create a virtual reality that differs from the actual reality in order to manipulate public consciousness.
A defining feature of post-truth politics is that its participants keep repeating their theses, even if they have been refuted in the media or by independent experts. The lies spread by politicians or their supporters on the internet through a network of users can very quickly replace the truth. The fragmentation of information sources creates a situation in which lies, gossip and rumours spread with extraordinary speed, and it takes a lot of time and effort to find and clarify reliable information. As Sir Winston Churchill said, "A lie gets halfway around the world before the truth has a chance to get its pants on". Truth and the pursuit of truth, however, are fundamental values both for individuals and for the society as a whole. The tradition of truth-seeking is the basis for Russian philosophical thought. Combining the ideal of true knowledge, the requirement of universal justice and standards of high morality, truth acts as a defining cognitive and normative principle of Russian spirituality.
Some scholars of the 20th century (Russian philosophers N.N.Alekseev, M.V.Shakhmatov, P.I.Novgorodtsev, etc.) expressed the need of building a system of social administration based on truth as a political ideal. The state of truth is distinguished by its focus on the moral content of power, its asceticism and service to the people. In such a system, people and power do not come to an agreement by means of violence and mutual restrictions, but through common efforts to achieve the truth on the basis of relations imbued with mutual trust.
Sooner or later, the achievements of modern information technology, which have led to the flourishing of manipulative demagogic oratory and polemical techniques and tools to mislead and win over audiences through false theoretical reasoning based on logical mistakes and sophisms to achieve selfish goals in advertising, politics and propaganda, simply have to correct their mistakes and provide humanity with the necessary tools to solve this global problem.
A free information society is waiting for and demanding cyber-truth!
Computer algorithms for collective shaping, distributed cloud storage and independent confirmation of ownership of any information based on blockchain technology, smart contracts, non-fungible tokens and relational databases enable to be built a new type of social information network. In such a network, any information messages can be registered by means of smart contracts using a digital signature scheme in the form of unique non-fungible tokens, which are records in a cloud register distributed in a blockchain that makes it possible to logically link information tokens from different accounts.
In such a network, formal and mathematical logic will enable users to find new meanings by applying laws and rules based on previously known information. Aristotle is considered to be the author of the first system of formal logic. He introduced the concept of syllogism and variables with which he denoted syllogism terms that allow logical conclusions to be made on the basis of the combination of simple attributive judgements. Despite the fact that the use of syllogisms does not provide us with new knowledge, the use of rules of construction of syllogisms allows to avoid logical errors and sophisms within the framework of the existing knowledge, which, combined with the well-developed methods of discussion and argumentation, one of the most significant studies of which in Russian is the work "Art of dispute" (1918) by S.I.Povarnin, makes formal logic a powerful weapon against demagogical tricks.
Any user of such an information smart-network will be able to look through and check all logical paths linking statements along the whole chain of inferences leading from a thesis to a thesis comprehensively from its beginning to its end, from Alpha to Omega, for consistency of each individual statement. Thus any user, who has found someone's statements inconsistency, can permanently fix the mistake he has found for the next generations and form his own new logical branch in the form of record, on the basis of which other users will find and publish new less contradictory knowledge.
There are two basic forms of lying — lying by distortion and lying by omission. Cyberpravda will enable users to disavow the deception by cutting the false logic chains and instead to supplement the reliable logic chains with new unknown facts, expanding the horizons of knowledge available to all other users. As a result, the most valuable achievement of cyberpravda will be the ability to compare "whose truth is greater" in quantity, both in terms of the absolute number of facts and arguments and in terms of the percentage of consistent inferences and the frequency of demagogic techniques used.
An important advantage of blockchain technology for fulfilling such a task is the already existing basic algorithm for determining the longest main sequence of record blocks from any initial one to the last current one. Side branches containing records not confirmed by other users can be cut off, and all subsequent inferences drawn from them will receive no further confirmation and will automatically be excluded from quantitative comparison with valid logical chains.